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題目：

Most of the world’s problems are caused by over-population. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

首先我們一起來看下此題的三種常見的存在邏輯漏洞的寫法。

寫法一

觀點為完全贊同，給出大量人口過多帶來的問題，如環境問題等

思考：人口過多帶來的問題，僅能證明帶來了問題，不能與題目中的most相契合，你如何證明你寫出來的問題為世界上的大多數問題，所以從根本上來說，原題其實是個偽命題。

寫法二

觀點為中立，反駁部分需證明有些問題并不是人口過多導致的。

思考：但是此種寫法只能反駁人口過多導致了世界上的所有問題這樣的命題，也就是對于詞類題目的反駁，而不能反駁人口過多導致了世界上的大多數問題，還是要注意most。

寫法三

思考1：致命三連文：如何證明過多人口不是主要原因，又怎么證明鋪張浪費是主要原因。同時又怎么證明人口過多和鋪張浪費是沒有必然聯系的，確定完全不存在交集嗎?

思考2：同時這題的關鍵詞分別是most of the world’s problems、are caused by和over-population。三者之前通過be caused by構成了因果關系，因是over-population，果是most of the world’s problems。那么如果對這題進行反駁的話，學生的切入點是over-population也就是原因，常識告訴我們一個事情的發生原因有很多個，所以這個切入點的反駁，是不需要的。重點反駁的是人口過多帶來的結果，即很多問題。所以即使去反駁也是去反駁并不會帶著這樣的結果。

思考3：反駁不會帶來這樣的結果，方法一：回到寫法二的問題，很遺憾，無法推翻題目。方法二：從事實出發，證明人口過剩不會帶來各種問題，即1. 人口增加，但人類生活質量依舊保持改善的態勢2. 出生率下降，且人類已經想辦法提高地球的承受能力。

接下來我會剖析詞類的題目與此題的關系及差異，歡迎大家一起來討論。

1. Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective?

2. Some think that printed books are not necessary in digital era, because all writing can be stored electronically. Others think printed books will play important role. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

3. Government funding should only provide scholarships for best students. All other funding should come from students fees and private organizations.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

4. Government funding should only be provided for the best students as scholarships. Other funding of universities should come from student fees and private organizations. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

5. Some believe that companies must remove old employees and employ new young employees. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

以上5題是特別常規的詞類的題目，如：best/all/only/must等的出現，使得此類題處理起來相當容易，基本采用否定的手法即可。以一題為例，我們可以首先承認increasing the price of petrol is a way，然后再去反駁其中的best;反駁best的手法也有兩種，先點明這種方式的弊端，再給出其他更優的方法來反駁這里的best即可。參考下面范文

There is no doubt that traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems, both in cities and on motorways everywhere. Solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.

While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes of the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long. As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopular with everyone who needs to travel on the roads.

But there are various other measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems. I think to tackle the problem of pollution, cleaner fuels need to be developed. The technology is already available to produce electric cars that would be both quieter and cleaner to use. Persuading manufacturers and travellers to adopt this new technology would be a more effective strategy for improving air quality, especially in cities. However, traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use. To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to travellers. For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced. Long-distance train and coach services should be made attractive and affordable alternatives to driving your own car for long journeys.

In conclusion, I think that long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.

學習完上面的詞類的題目，接下來我們來感受下，如果將11日的考題改為詞類會有什么不一樣的地方。

原題：Most of the world’s problems are caused by over-population. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

改后題：All of the world’s problems are caused by over-population. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

解法：由于題目中出現了all world’s problems過于死板,固應當對其進行反駁。即文章結構為：

開頭段：背景句+話題引入+觀點

正文段1：給出一些人口過多帶來的世界問題(讓步)

正文段2：給出一些不是由人口過剩導致的問題(反駁)

結尾段：觀點+總結

寫到這里有些同學應該發現了問題了吧，你是不是也把most的題目答成了all的題目。細節決定成敗哦!!!

再來一波邏輯殺，下文是近些年考過的引起廣泛爭議的雅思題目，同學們可以用來練習，有任何疑問請私信Lee老師，與你單獨討論哦!!!

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2. It is shown that many criminals have a low level of education. Some people argue that the best way to reduce crime is to educate criminals in prison to help them find jobs when they leave prison. To what extent do you agree or disagree?(2018年11月3日)

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4. Some people think too much money and time have been allocated in scientific research. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?(2018年9月13日)